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A large number of systematic efforts is required in health sector for providing effective health care services in India. India has poor health services and infrastructure after the Independence so government must take systematic and coordinate efforts to improve this condition.
Health system is established system for providing effective health care services to the people, which is formed by management and organizational material. This system is running according to the social, economical and political setup of the country. Health system is consist of five main sectors and many agencies who is working with coordinate manner for effective services. These sectors and agencies are different in working technique and sources of money from each other.
economically productive life”. So, this is moral responsibility of every nation to provide effective and adequate health care services to help its people for maintaining and improve the health status. Then every person of country can contribute in social and economical development of country. In the world most of nations has health care services in main priority and provide separate place in the constitution. So these services are provided without any difference and on marginal cost to every citizen of nation.
This main objective keep in mind in 1978 WHO has declaration of “Alma Ata” underlined the ” “Primary health care” approach .According to this “Primary health care is essential health care made universally accessible to individual and acceptable to them, through their full participation and at a cost that the community and country can afford”
By the same way our nation give more importance to health subject in the constitution. In which these things keep in mind that all essential basic health care services is provided without discrimination to every citizen, which is helpful in promotion of health status and prepared him
According to WHO: Health is a state of complete physical, mental and social well being and not merely an absence of disease or infirmity.
In modern time to improve the definition statement is added according to this “In Healthy
In Healthy state person is able to lead a socially and
Community Health Nursing
socially and economically productive for mainly this subject is the responsibility of state development of nation.
governments. Each state government has its own
organizational setup of health system for providing Organizational Setup of Health System In
health services to people. Central government play India:
only role of guide and financer. The central India is one of the biggest nation of the world. government responsibility consist mainly of policy It has second place in population and seventh making, planning, guiding, assisting, evaluating and place about land area in the world. It is the largest coordinating the work of state health ministries democratic country of the world. It has union form so that health services covers every part of the in which 29 states and 7 union territories are there. country and no state left behind in this process. According to the constitution of India functions
In India health system is established on three are divided in central and states Governments
level and these levels are inter related with each according to the seventh schedule of article 246
others of the constitution. India functions are divided in
1. Health organization at central level three list. These are
2. Health organization at state level (i) Union list : In this list function area subject related to central government are included
3. Health organization at peripheral level. Ex- International health relationship, defence
Level (ii) State list : In this list function area subject related to state government are included Ex– Three official “organ” of organizational setup administration, finance, law etc. of health system is found at central level These are. (iii) Concurrent list : In this list function area subject related to both central and state o Union ministry of Health and Family Welfare government are included. In this subject D Directorate General of Health Services common efforts are required by central and of Central Council of Health state government. Ex- Public health, education, social welfare, sanitation, Union Ministry of Health and Family environmental hygine, food safety, family Welfare: planning and determination of standards of drugs.
Administration of Union Minisry of Health and Family Welfare is done by politically elected On the basis of these lists we can understand representatives with the appointed officers. They that public health and medical subjects are under are working for making and implementation of the concurrent list. In this, common efforts of various health related policies. central and state government are required. But Health System in India (Organizational Setup)
Ministry of Health and Family Welfare
Cabinet Minister
Minister of State Deputy Minister
Department of Health
Department of Family Welfare
Department of ISM and
Homeopathy
Health Secretary
Secretary
Secretary
Additional Secretary
Additional Secretary & Commissioner (FW)
Joint Secretary
Joint Secretary
Director General of Health Services
Director Ayurveda
and Siddha
Joint Secretary ISM
Additional Director General
Secretary, Additional Secretary and large Top administration of Union Ministry of administrative staff. Health and Family Welfare is done by a
Family Welfare Department : In 1966 Cabinat Minister, State Minister and Deputy Family Welfare Department is created under Health Minister. All these political the Health and Family Welfare Ministry. The appointments are done by Prime Minister. Administration responsibility of this At present time this department is divided department is taken by secretary of Health into two parts. and Family Welfare Ministry, who is
Health Department : In this department appointed by Indian government. He is the top officer is Secretary who is the officer assisted by Additional Secretary and of Indian Administrative Services and he is Commissioner, Joint secretary and large assisted by Joint Secretary, Deputy administrative staff.
Maintenance of International health
relationship. Administration of port quarantine. Administration of central institute.
Ex
Two more departments are created under the Union Ministry of Health and Family Welfare.
Ayush department (Ayurvedic, Yoga and Naturopathy Unani, Siddha and Homeopathy) : This department is established in 1995. Before this it is known as Indian System of Medicine and Homeopathy (ISMH). Today because of government awareness creation of new department is possible known as AYUSH department.
This department has following functions Promotion of ISMH related polices.
a. Implementation:
Implementation and evaluation of ISMH related polices Regisstration of ISMH related practitioners. Established work ISMH standard norms for practitioners It provide strengthening to follow up – working, standard norms in medical O education, research, cultivation of medical plants.
It also helpful in having control on related professional organization. O Health Research Department : This department is working on solution of problems which are produce during working in medical field with the help of research. It also attempts to use research knowledge for welfare of people in medical field.
b. Functions :
The functions of Union Ministry of Health and Family Welfare are divided under the seventh schedule of article 246 of Indian O constitution and having two category. Union list : These subject are coming under central government.
All India Institute of Hygiene and Public Health Kolkata. National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Science Banglore. National Institute of Communicable Disease New Delhi. National Institute of Health and Family
Welfare New Delhi. Promotion of research through research center and other bodies. Establishment and maintenance of drugs standards. Census collection and publication of other statistical data. Immigration and emigration. Regulation of labour working in the mines and oil fields. Coordinates with states and other ministries for promotion of health. Developing and regulation of dental, nursing, pharmacy and other medical professions. Concurrent list : Under this list subjects coming under the central and state government function area are – Prevention of extension of communicable disease from one unit to another unit. Control of adultration of foodstuffs. Control of drugs and poisons substance. Collection and publication of vital statistics data. Labour welfare
Ports quarantine management other than major Economic and social planning. Population control and family planning. Directorate General of Health Services – DGHS (a) Organization :
Director General of Health Services is providing principle advice to Union Ministry of Health and Family Welfare on Public Health and Medical matters according to law. He is assisted by Additional Directors General of Health Services, Deputy Director General and large administrative staff. Directorate is mainly divide into three main units
Medical care and hospital O Public health O General administration appraisal of health related matters in the country. It also performs important specific types of functions.
Maintenance of international health relationship. Administration of all major ports quarantine in the counry. Ex-Mumbai, Kandla, Cochin, Visakhapatnam and international air ports Mumbai –Sazta cruz, Chennai Meenambakkam, Delhi-Palam.
Control of drugs standards, manufacture, storage and distribution. Union government runs medical care depots at Mumbai, Chennai, Kolkata, Karnal, Gauwahati and Hyderabad. Post graduate training and administration of post graduate training institute. Ex-All India Institute of Hygine and Public Health Kolkata.
1. All India institute of Mental Health, Banglore.
2. National Institute of Communicable Disease, Delhi.
3. Central Research Institute, Kasauli.
The Central Directorate is directly responsible for administration of following medical education institutes
1. Directorate General of Health Services
2. Director General of Health Services
3. Additional Director General of Health Services
4. Deputy Director General of Health Services
Ex
Administrative Staff
The functions of Directorate General of Health is generally survey, planning, coordination, programme organizing and
1. Lady Hardinge Medical College Delhi.
2. Maualana Azad Medical College Delhi
3. Medical college at Pondicherry and Goa. Indian Council for Medical Research is established in 1911. Medical research in the country is organized largely through the ICMR by following institutes
Ex
Tuberculosis Chemotherapy Center, Chennai. Virus Research Center Pune. National Institute of Nutrition, Hyderabad.
1. Blood Group Reference Center, Mumbai.
The central directorate give the benefits services to people by central government health scheme.
The central directorate play an important role in planning, guiding and coordinating all the national health programme in the country.
The Central Bureau of Health Intelligence was established in 1961 to centralise, collection, complication, analysis, evaluation and dissemination all information on health statistics for the nation as a whole. It disseminates epidemic intelligence to states International bodies. It has following units
1. Epidemiological unit Health economics unit National morbidity survey unit Manpower cell unit The Central Health Education Bureau was established under the DGHS in 1956. It has following function in the country Preparation of education material Bringing awareness towards health in people. Offering various course for the health wokers. Better implementation of health programme in the country. The Central Medical Library of the DGHS was declared the National Medical Library in 1966. Aim of this is to help in advancement of medical, health and related science by collection, dissemination and exchange of information.
(a) Organisation :
A large number of health related matter is included in the concurrent list of function on which central and state government continuous have cooperation, mutual understanding and copperation on each other. By the order of President of India on 1 August 1952 under the article of 263 of Constitution, Indian Central Council of Health is established. It has main objectives of promoting, coordinating and concerted action between central and state government in implementation of health programmes and pertaining to the health of the nation. Union health minister is chairman and all the states health minister are members of this council. This council meeting is essential once in a year.
(b) Function :
Council consider and draw the outline of polices and recommendation to promoting therapeutic care, preventive care, environmental sanitation, nutrition, health education and training and research related facilities. For the equal development of whole country prepare the proposals of legislation related to activity of medical and public health matters.
To make recommendations to central government for distribution of grants – in – aid and financial help of states and review time to time work accomplished in various areas through the utilization of provided grant – in – aids. O Establishment of essential organizations for promoting and maintaining better cooperation between central and state government. Lay down the draw of equal development in the country as a whole.
Health System in India (Organizational Setup)
Union Health Minister (Chairperson)
State Health Minister (Members)
Level
Health administration in the states was started in 1919 when the states were known as provinces. Then central government provide autonomy to states in public health matters under the reforms. In 1921–22, all the states had created own public health organization. Health subject is mainly divided into three main groups. o Federal O Concurrent 0 State
In “state” list responsibility of state in health area provision of medical care, preventive health in the states. After the new constitution come into the force in 1950 position of state is largely remain same. State is mainly having responsibility of providing all type of health services within its jurisdiction.
State Health Administration :
State Health Directorate 1. State Ministry of Health
The State Ministry of Health is headed by Minister of Health and Family Welfare and Deputy Minister of Health and Family department Welfare. All these members are politically appointed by chief minister. These members are having responsibility of making policy, planning, evaluation of health services for the people. The State Health Secretariat is the official main organ of the State Ministry of Health. It is headed by Secretary and assisted by deputy Secretary, Additional Secretary, Assistant Secretary and large administrative staff. Secretary is the senior officer of I.A.S rank.
State Health Directorate : In the states two separate departments medical and public health department are functioning from the long time. They are headed by surgeon general and inspector general of civil hospital and director of public health. In 1946 Bhore committee recommended to integrated medical and public health department on all level. So a single administrative officer there for curative and preventive health department. Thus in 1947 firstly in West Bengal and then in 1970, Maharashtra created post of director of health services for integrated health services in the state. Director of health services is working a chief technical adviser to the state government on all matter related to medical and public health. He is also responsible for organization and direction of all health activities. In some state he is also advent with the family welfare department. So he is known as director of health and family welfare. In some state a
At present there are 29 states and 7 union territories in India. And each having its own health administration. Health subject having in concurrent list of function. So state is mainly responsible for providing all type of health services in the state and central government only helping in planning, implementation, evaluation and coordination in health services. Health organization of state is divided into two parts. O State Ministry of Health
director of medical education is appointed for medical education. Director of health and family welfare is assisted by deputy health director, assistant health director. Assistant health director may be of two types.
Regional Director : He inspect all the branches of public health within their jurisdiction irrespective of their speciality.
Functional Director : He is usually specialist in a particular branch of public health such as maternal and child health, nutrition, family planning, health education, and in particular disease. The public health engineering organization in every state should be part of the state health department and the chief engineer of public health should have the status of an additional director of health services.
Minister in charge of health and family welfare portfolio in the state
Secretary of Department of Health and Family Welfare
Director of Health Services
Director of Family Welfare Services
Director of Medical Education and Research
Dean of Medical College
Additional / Deputy / Joint Directors of Health Services
Divisional setup in some states
Assistant Directors
Health Services
District Health Organisation
Taluka Health Organisation
Block level Health Organisation
Functions of State Health Department: Formation of effective health scheme for state. Formation of cooperative relationship with central and other state governments. Determination of health related policies of state. Effective implementation and evaluation of national health programme in states.
Health System in India (Organizational Setup)
Providing promotive, preventive, therapeutic and rehabilitative health care services to the people on various level in the state. Providing training and education facilities to people in medical, dental, pharmacy profession in the state. Determination and make sure to followup policy and standards related to health education and facilities in the state. Appointment and control of employees for providing health care services in the state. Providing registration facilities to employees at the state level for inhibition of unauthorised practice. Promotion of health research in state. Maintenance of drugs quality in production, storage and distribution. Control on food adultration and provision of quality food products in the state. Collection and publication of vital statistics on state level. Promotion of AYUSH system in the state. Providing technical and economical support to governmen and non-governmen organizations in the state. Promotion of reproductive and child health, health and family welfare services in the state. Follow-up the directions of the state and central health ministry and feedback, evaluation of health programme.
Health Organization at District Level
India is a democratic country. District is the main administrative unit of the country. There are total 687 districts in India.
Chief Medical and Health Officer–CMHO
Deputy CMHO (Subdivision level)
Deputy CMHO
Deputy CMHO
Block CMHO (Block level)
Block CMHO
Block CMHO
Primary Medical Officer PMO
(PHC level)
Primary Medical Officer
(PMO)
Primary Medical Officer
(PMO)
Administration at sub–division level :
Before we understand the district health organization, it is essential to understand the district organization. Every state is divided into many regions and every region is again divided into many districts. Most of districts in India are divided into two or more sub divisions. In charge of district administration is collector and incharge of sub division is assistant collector or deputy collector. Futher subdivision is divided into tehsils or talukas. In charge of tehsils is known as tehsildar. A tehsil
Community Health Nursing
is usually comprise between 200 to 600 villages. Block Development Officer (BDO) is the ex After the 1952, Indian government launched officio secretary of the panchayat samiti. The community development programme in India. So main function of panchayat samiti is execution of rural area of districts have been organized into the community development programme at block blocks which may be or not similar to the tehsil. level. The meeting is organized once in a month Blocks are the basic unit of rural planning and
at panchayat samiti. The funds is provided by development which consist of 100 villages and
panchayat samiti for the developmental functions average of 80,000 to 1,20,000 population. In
of panchayat. Besides the developmental charge of block is block development officer. At
functions panchayat samiti perform social welfare, last tehsil is divided into panchayat and villages.
public health, educational functions. Block Village is the basic administrative unit of rural
development officer and assisted employees administration. Following six administrative units
having the responsibility of maintaining are found in the district
administrative records, providing technical Table 1.1 : Tabular Classification of assistance and guidance, evaluation of services Administrative Units Under District Level on panchayat samiti level.
Panchayat Samiti consist of following Sub-division Sub-divisional officer members :
Sub-division Deputy District Collector
or sub–divisional officer
Panchayat Samiti Pradhan
Deputy Tehsil
Taluka Tehsildar
Talukedar
Pardhan (elected by Sarpanch) Community Block Development
All sarpanch of gram panchayat Development Officer
MPs and MLAs of residing area Blocks Muncipalities and Chairman and Mayor
Women representative Municipal
Representative of scheduled castes and Corporation
scheduled tribes.
Panchayat Sarpanch
Representative of cooperative socities.
Village Mukhiya
Administration at District Level: Administration at Block level :
At the district level for local administration the Establishment of block is done on 100 village or zila parishad or zila panchayat is established by 80,000 to 1,20,000 population. On this level the panchayati raj system. It consist about 40 to panchayat samiti or zanpada panchayat is 70 members. The chairman of the zila parishad is established by panchayat raj administration. known as zila pramukh. He and other members Sarpanch of all the village are included in of zila parishad is elected by citizens of district. establishment of panchayat samiti. All the Zila pramukh is elected by the all members of sarpanch elected the pradhan and deputy pradhan zila parishad. Zila parishad has 5 year working for panchayat samiti. Panchayat samiti consist period and it is divided into panchayat wards of MLAs, MPs residing in block area, according to 11 – 11 panchayat. Main functions of representative of women of scheduled castes, zila parishad is monitoring and evaluating the scheduled tribes and cooperative societies. function of panchayat samiti. Panchayat samiti has the 5 year working duration.
Health System in India (Organizational Setup)
Zila parishad consist of following members:
D Zila Pramukh.
Panchayat Samiti Pradhan. MPs and MLAs of district. Women representative Representatives of scheduled castes, scheduled tribes 2 persons having experience in administration, public life or rural development.
Collector (non voting person) In some states district health officer, district family planning and maternal and child health officers are taken under control of Zila parishad
Urban Administration :
District is the main basic unit of urban administration. Following administrative units are established for making more democratic administrative management in the district.
O Municipal Corporation : It is the biggest administrative unit in the urban administration. Commonly established on more than 2 lakh urban population. It is established under the acts of state assembly or union territory governments.
The functional organ of Municipal Corporation is the Board. It consist of many members. These are elected directly by the people. The Chairman of the Board is known as Mayor who is elected directly by people or indirectly by elected members of board. The functional period of board is 3 to 5 year. A government appointed officer Chief Executive officer (CEO) is having the responsibility of administration in municipal corporation. A health officer also appointed for health programme running by municipal corporation. Main function of municipal corporation are construction and maintenance of roads, water supply, sanitation and drainage, street lighting, maintenance of hospital, education, registration of birth and death and various development functions. Municipal Board : It is established on 10,000 to 2 lakh population in urban area for local administration. It has three main functional organs
1. Council
2. Chairman
3. Municipal Board Manager: The municipal board council members are elected directly by people. The chairman of council is elected by all the members of council. He is known as chairman or municipal board manager and is the chief of function department of board. He is government appointed person. The functional period of municipal board range between 3 5 years. Municipal board is divided into many wards which is headed by ward member who is the member of municipal board.
Town Area Committee : This type of administration is found in urban area where population is between 5000 to 10,000. These are small area between urban and rural area. The town area committees are like urban panchayat. They provide sanitary services. District collector has the administrative responsibility of town area committee.
Health organization at district level : By the recommendation of Bhore committee in 1945 government established the health authority in every district level for providing integrated preventive and therapeutic health services on all levels. In whole country no any unique accepted model of “district health organization” is available.
12
Every state forms health polices according to their administration is performed by chief medical and own facilities.
health officer. He is responsible for providing and In 1973 Kartar Singh Committee (Multipurpose evaluation of health service in whole district. Block Workers Committee) recommended that every Chief Medical Officer (BCMO) at block level, state should be integrated health organization on Primary Medical Officer (PMO) at primary district level in which one chief medical officer health center providing health facilities. and three deputy chief medical officer (Deputy Following medical officers are also appointed CMO Civil Surgeons, District Health Officer and for Health
Programme at district level: District Family Welfare Officer) is appointed. 0 District Malaria Officer Every deputy CMHO is responsible for health District Leprosy Officer services of one third of district. A suggestion is given by planning group based on ” Health for all 0 Deputy Chief Medical and Health Officer 2000 AD” that all district hospitals should be o District Health Education Officer converted in to ” district health centers.”These o District Medical Lab Officer center providing promotive, therapeutic health care services to about 10 lakh people. The main District Hospital Chief Medical Officer basis of district health organization is number of” 0 District TB Officer primary health center. District Statistical Officer On the district level main function of health District Reproductive and Child Health Officer.
District Hospital District Medical Officer Medical Lab Officer |
District TB Officer
Deputy CMHO
District Leprosy Officer
District Reproductive and Child Health Officer
District Family Welfare Officer and District Statistical Officer
District Malaria Officer
District Health Education Officer
1. Panchayati Raj : India is a democratic country. It’s administration is running by representative elected by people. Thus administration running by people for people, is known as democratic administration. Population of India about 70% is living in rural area. So for better administration in rural area it is essential to provide administration right at village level. Indian government started Health System in India (Organizational Setup) panchayat secretary who is working under the sarpanch. The functional area of pancharyat secretary is very wide. It includes civil administration, sanitation, public health, social and environmental development functions.
2. Nyaya Panchayat : Main function of nyaya panchayat is maintaining the judicial situation. This agency solved the unnecessary legal matters arising between people at village level. Nyaya panchayat maintains the law and judicial situation at village level.
Panchayat Raj
Panchayat (village level)
Panchayat
Samiti |(block level)
Zila parishad (district level)|
panchayati raj system on 2 October 1959 from Nagaur district of Rajasthan. It has provided health services in rural area by local people. It consist of three level structure in its organization O Panchayat – on village level O Panchayat samiti – on block level
Zila parishad – on district level. Panchayati Raj agencies are acceptable agencies for people‘s welfare. These agencies provided strengthening to democracy and promoting the active and effective participation of people in the welfare programmes. In 1993 Indian government provided constitutional affliation to Panchayati Raj agencies by the 73th Constitutional Amendments Act.
3. Administration at Village Level: At the village level three types of agencies is found for administration and coordination in welfare programmes (i) Gram Sabha (ii) Gram Panchayat (iii) Nyaya Panchayat
a. Gram Sahba : It is the assembly of all adults of the village, which meets twice in a year. Gram sabha working for planning, implementation, evaluation and discussion the annual programme. Gram sabha elects the panchayat members.
b. Gram Panchayat : Gram panchayat is the functional organ of gram sabha. It is established for planning for developmental work at village level. It consist about 15 to 30 members these are known as “panch”. Simply it is established about 5000 to 15,000 or more population. Working duration of these members is about 3 to 4 years. The chairman of gram panchayat is elected by these members known as sarpanch or sabhapati or mukhiya. He is assisted by deputy sabhapati. Government appointed the
Gram shabha
Gram panchayat
Nyaya panchayat
The position of development of health services in developed and developing countries are different. So if we want the evaluation of the health services in country then quality, advantage, availability of services to population, mortality, morbidity rate must be used for this purpose. Following steps used in evaluation of health services. General steps in evaluation : O Determine what is to be evaluated Establish standards and criteria O Plan the methodology to be applied O Gatherning information D Analyze the results
14
Action taken 0n Re-evaluation Elements of Evaluation.
1. Relevance : Relevance term is related to the appropriateness of the health services. Whether they are needed to all or if there is no need, then they have no value for community people.
Example : Vaccination against small pox is not having any value because small pox is eradicated from world in 1980.
2. Adequacy : Availability of health services in community must be according to population, area and determined objectives of health services. Thus adequate health resources, money, manpower, material must be available for health services.
3. Accessibility : It is the proportion of community population using the health facilities. When health services are easily available then large proportion of population used the health services. Many barriers such as physical (time, distance) social and cultural (Language) economic (Services cost) may produce diffculty in utilization of the health services.
4. Effectiveness : It is used to achieve determined objectives, prevention and promotion of health services. Evaluation of the effectiveness of health services is done by health benefits, reduction in health problem and improvement in un–satisfactory health condition.
Example : Reduction in maternal and child mortality and morbidity rate may indicate effective maternal and child health services in the community.
5. Acceptability : Many times health services provided to the community people is accessible but not acceptable because of culture, misbelifes, and other reasons. So in these conditions health services dose not have any great value.
Example : Male sterilization, Immunization, Treatment of mentally ill person
6. Efficiency : It is used in terms of how we can use the available health resources to achieve the determined targets.
Example : Number of immunized childrens compared to determined targets, number of patient admitted on available beds, cost per patient treatment etc.
7. IMPACT : It is the overall expression of effect by the health programme, health services on the development of health status and social economical status of the community.
Example : If government started the “Safe drinking water” programme and provide safe drinking water to population then we found reduction in cases of diarrhoea, vomiting, and improvement in health status of people, it also reduce the expenditure of money on health related problem so family get improvement in socio-economic condition.
Health System in India (Organizational Setup)
1. According to holistic concept health is considered as
(a) Absence of disease
(b) Proper physical health
(c) Sound body, sound mind, sound family environment
2. Good interpersonal relationship Panchayati Raj started in India
(a) In 1948
(b) In 1950
(c) In 1960
3. In 1959 Block is established on population
(a) 5,000
(b) 1,00,000
(c) 1,50000
3. 2,00,000 Main unit of panchayati raj system
(a) Gram shaba
(b) Gram panchayat
(c) Panchayat samiti
4. Zila parishad Central Health Council established in
(a) In 1950
(b) In 1952
(c) In 1954
5. In 1956 Under which of the following ministry drug control organization is established
(a) Health Directorate
(b) Family Welfare Department
(c) Health Department
6. Central Health Council Chief of State Health Directorate is
(a) Health and Family Welfare Minister
(b) Director of Medical and Health Service
(c) Health Secretary
7. Assistant Health Secretary Which of the following unit is not for local urban area administration
(a) Zila Parishad
(b) Municipal Board
(c) Nagar Parishad
8. Municipal Corporation Which of the following function not included in union list
(a) Maintenance of international health relationship
(b) Prevention of adulteration of food.
(c) Administration of port quarantine
(d) Establishment and maintenance of drugs standard
1. AYUSH system includes the followings system
(a) Ayurved, yoga, unani, homeopathy
(b) Ayurved, yoga, unani, siddha, homeopathy
(c) Ayurved, yoga, and naturopathy, unani, siddha, homeopathy
(d) Ayurved, Yoga and naturopathy, siddha, homeopathy
2. Which of the following function is not included in concurrent list
(a) Social and economical planning
(b) Labour welfare activities
(c) Control of drugs and poisonous substances
3. Immigration and emigration Under which of the following constitution Amendment constitutional affiliation provided for panchayati raj agencies
(a) 73th amendment
(b) 59th amendment
(c) 42th amendment
(d) 70th amendment
4. Which of the following panchayati raj agency prepare annual budget at village level
(a) Gram sabha
(b) Gram panchayat
(c) Nyaya panchayat
5. Panchayat samiti Pradhan is elected by
(a) Adults of village
(b) Ward member
(c) Sarpanch
(d) All of these
6. Under which of the following ministry nursing health services working at central level
(a) Health Directorate
(b) Central Health Council
(c) Central Health and Family Welfare Ministry
(d) All of these
Fill in the blanks: The function of
list required combined attempts of central and state government. Family welfare department was established in Central health council established in The main administrative unit is
in India republic. The is established in urban area on more than 2 lakh population for local administration.
–
ci ri
i
vi
Health System in India (Organizational Setup)
III 1.
i ci
į in
i ” co
i
is the local organ of judical system in panchayati raj.
is the main basis for administration in rural areas. The chairman of municipal corporation is known as Panchayat samiti is established on
population. The main functional unit of municipal corporation is the Select the true or false statement India has federal system AYUSH system was previously known as ISM & homeopathy system. Municipal corporation known as superior local administrative unit in urban areas.
Physically and mentally healthy person is also known as complete healthy person. Primary heath care concept was given by UNICEF in 1978 in Alma Ata conference. India consist of two tier health system. Pradhan of panchayat samiti elected by sarpanchs of related panchayats. Indian Medical Research Council was established in 1911. Relevance term refer for needs of the people.) Gram sabha meet once in a year. Describe in detail Define the health administration. Explain the health organizational set-up of central level in India.
Describe the organizational set up of of state level health services in India Describe the organizational set up of district level health services in India Explain the organizational set-up of nursing services at state and district level in India Write short notes Central Health and Family Welfare Department Directorate General of Health Services-DGHS Central Council of Health State Health Administration Urban Administration. Panchayati Raj Evaluation process of health system
IV
–
ci ri + > –di two
Unit – I
Community Health Nursing
ANSWER
(b) (a) (d)
(a) (a)
(a)
(c) (c)
(a)
Concurrent 1952
Municipal Corporation Gram Panchayat 80,000 – 1,00,000 population
1966 District
Nyaya panchayat Mayor Board
III.
1
True
2
True
True False False
False True
False
7
True
8
True
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